580

Index

enzymatic pretreatment process

432–433

enzymatic treatment

41, 401, 402,

431–434

enzyme immobilization methods

35

adsorption

35–36

affinity immobilization

36

covalent bonding

36

entrapment

36–37

enzymes

34, 101, 254, 353

degradation

58

mediated dye removal

50, 62

ertapenem

231

Escherichia coli

23, 60, 73, 104, 178, 195,

289, 335, 392, 515

esterases

103, 127, 131, 133, 515

ethanol

21, 38, 40, 43

ethanol (CH3CH2OH)

265

from food waste

21

ethyl violet

52

eutrophication effect

84, 155, 158, 322,

414, 473

e-waste

114, 210

pollution caused by

211

production scale

211

treatment

212

ex-situ method

51, 71, 72, 85, 86, 87–88,

344, 353, 393, 402

exo-polygalacturonases

149

exo-polymeric substances (EPS)

238

exo-polysaccharides (EPS)

19, 27, 75,

103, 238, 248, 257

exoglucanases/cellobiohydrolases (CBH)

145

expanded granular sludge beds (EGSB)

13

extra-cellular enzymes

115

extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)

19, 27, 75, 103, 238, 248, 257

extracellular precipitation

75, 77

f

fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)

41, 523

fed-batch mode reactor

278, 292

feedstock composition

7, 13, 461, 497,

500

feedstock polysaccharides

495

Fe3O4 conjugated peroxidase enzyme

354

fermentation

222, 223, 229, 277

anaerobic

232, 286, 309, 426–427, 430

dark

245, 285, 286, 293, 430

fermentative hydrogen production

248,

251, 288–289, 293, 430–431

ferredoxin (Fd)

244–245, 285–286, 293

film/coating formation methods

dipping method

552

extrusion

551–552

solvent casting

550–551

spraying method

552

spreading method

552

filtration

autoclaving

320

dry heat

320

pasteurization

320

first-generation fuels

316

fish processing waste

427

fixed bed reactor

195, 197

flame retardants

98–99

flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

57

flavin adenine mononucleotide (FMN)

57

flow reactor

235–236, 238, 278

fluidized bed

37, 196

fluidized bed reactors

13, 195–197

fluorene

177

fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

10

fluorescent carbonaceous nanoparticles

(FCDs)

530

fluorescent polystyrene microspheres

98

Flux Balance Analysis (FBA)

294

foaming

13, 427, 428, 524

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

364, 528, 544

food nanotechnology

386

food security

390, 393, 421, 425, 445–446

food supply and consumer welfare

(FSCW)

415

food sustainability index

424

food waste (FW)

118, 361, 362, 364, 365

based adsorbents

174

bio-hydrogen

21

biodegradable plastics from

20

circular bioeconomy

anaerobic digestion

425–427

definition of

423

principles of

423